《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(4): 399-406

我国槐属植物育种及种质资源开发利用进展

毛秀红^1,2, 荀守华^1,*, 孙居文³, 乔玉玲¹, 康智¹, 刘翠兰¹, 燕丽萍¹

¹山东省林业科学研究院, 山东省林木遗传改良重点实验室, 济南250014; ²中国林业科学研究院, 北京100091; ³山东农业大学林学院, 山东泰安271018

通信作者：荀守华；E-mail: xshsdxpzh@163.com；Tel: 0531-88557793

摘　要：

全世界槐属植物约70种, 我国有21种, 16变种, 2变型, 广泛分布在西南、华南、华东、华北、西北和东北地区。槐属植物具有很高的经济价值和生态价值。本文系统论述了槐属植物的分类与分布, 总结了我国槐属育种及品种资源现状, 全面搜集整理了槐树新品种权名称及品种权人信息, 重点介绍了槐树、苦参、苦豆子、白刺花的生物活性物质分离提取、医学药用价值及开发利用现状, 并针对槐属植物育种现状及种质资源开发利用存在的问题, 建议加强槐属植物种质资源保护、引种驯化、育种研究和产业化开发。

关键词：育种; 开发利用; 种质资源; 槐属植物

收稿：2014-12-17   修定：2015-03-06

资助：国家林业局标准项目(2013-LY-018)。

Research Progress in Sophora L. Plant Breeding and Germplasm Resources Development and Utilization in China

MAO Xiu-Hong^1,2, XUN Shou-Hua^1,*, SUN Ju-Wen³, QIAO Yu-Ling¹, KANG Zhi¹, LIU Cui-Lan¹, YAN Li-Ping¹

¹Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Tree Genetic Improvement, Shandong Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014, China; ²Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; ³Forestry Institute, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China

Corresponding author: XUN Shou-Hua; E-mail: xshsdxpzh@163.com; Tel: 0531-88557793

Abstract:

There are about 70 species of Sophora L. all over the world, our country has 21 species, 16 varieties and 2 formas, which distribute widely in southwest, Southern China, East China, Northern China, northwest and northeast China region. Sophora L. has very high economic value and ecological value. This article systematically elaborated the classification and distribution of Sophora L. plant, and summarized the present situation of Sophora L. plant breeding and variety resources. Meanwhile, the name of the new Sophora japonica varieties and the information of their breeders were collected and sorted comprehensively in the paper. Moreover, we mainly introduced Sophora japonica, Sophora flavescens, Sophora alopecuroides and Sophora viciifolia from three aspects as follows: isolation and extraction of bioactivator, medicinal value and the present situation of the exploitation and utilization. Then proposals to strengthen the Sophora L. plant germplasm resources protection, introduction, domestication, breeding research and industrialization development were put forward according to current Sophora L. plant breeding situation and problems existing in the development and utilization of germplasm resources.

Key words: breeding; development and utilization; germplasm resources; Sophora L.